Description
Antique Italian Handwoven Hemp Bedspread with Romagna Rust Print, Early 1900s
Step into a piece of Italian history with this stunning antique bedspread, handwoven from sturdy hemp on traditional looms in the early 1900s. Crafted from three panels sewn together, this bedspread features a central geometric pattern reminiscent of tile designs, bordered on three sides with large roses printed in a distinctive rust color. The intricate patterns were created using hand-carved pearwood blocks and natural rust-based pigments, making this bedspread a true testament to the artisanal traditions of Romagna.
Dimensions:
Measures 200 cm x 244 cm (78.7″ x 96.1″).
Condition:
This robust fabric has withstood the test of time. Notable details include an old repair on the reverse side near the hem, with a small patch sewn on. There is also a hole in the floral border area, a tiny hole in the central geometric design, and slight wear along the edges with some small stains.
HISTORY:
The technique of rust printing, a specialty of the Romagna region, likely originated in the 18th century when farmers would drape their livestock with printed cloths featuring the image of St. Anthony, the protector of agriculture and animals.
Historically, rural families managed the entire process of producing fibers and weaving. In a self-sufficient economy, they planted hemp or flax seeds, tended the crops, harvested, retted, carded, spun by hand, and wove on artisanal looms passed down through generations.
The printing process involved hand-carved pearwood stamps, natural colors (most typically rust, obtained from iron oxide), flour, and vinegar. The ancient stamps bear designs that tell a story spanning four centuries, preserving the decorative art heritage of Romagna. Many motifs come from folk art, which in turn drew inspiration from noble textiles: urns, vases with flowers, griffins, and tassels.
After the printing, achieved by hammering with a mallet, the fabric was left to dry, usually in the sun. This was followed by color toning and fixing in a wooden tub with a caustic soda solution, ensuring the colors would endure through future use and washing.
Finally, the fabric was pressed using a mangano, an 18th-century press that runs over rollers on which the cloth is wrapped.
